Theoretical and Natural Science
- The Open Access Proceedings Series for Conferences
Vol. 8, 13 November 2023
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
The management of cancer pain is crucial during cancer treatment, as many patients endure both physiological and psychological suffering. Cancer pain research has primarily focused on the etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment principles, but significant breakthroughs remain elusive. Cancer pain is a prominent issue in clinical practice, and effective pain control is essential for improving the quality of life for cancer patients. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) approaches cancer pain by emphasizing its holistic view and individualized treatment, with a particular focus on the relationship between the tumor and pain. This article explores the epidemiology, etiology, and TCM understanding of cancer pain, aiming to provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis of cancer pain and its clinical treatment.
Cancer Pain, Pathogenesis, Theory, Innovation
1. Cleeland, C. S., Bennett, G. J., Dantzer, R., et al. (2003). Are the symptoms of cancer and cancer treatment due to a shared biologic mechanism? A cytokine immunologic model of cancer symptoms. Cancer, 97(11), 2919-2925.
2. Candido, K. D., Kusper, T. M., & Knezevic, N. N. (2017). New cancer pain treatment options. Current Pain Headache Rep, 21(2), 12. DOI:10.1007/s11916-017-0613-0.
3. Gu, H. H. (2004). A Brief Discussion on Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment of Cancer Pain. National Medicine Forum, 19(1), 43-44.
4. Liu, Y. Q. (2008). Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment of Cancer Pain. Jiangsu Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2008(9), 8-9.
5. Guo, Y. (2011). Treatment of Complications in Malignant Tumors. Beijing: People's Military Medical Publishing House, 42.
6. Li, X. J. (2003). Prevention and Control of Cancer. Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine, 15(4), 156-158.
7. 2015 National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Guidelines: Key Updates in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Practical Cardiopulmonary Vascular Disease Journal, 23(2), 55.
8. Durian Perfume. (2017). The Current Epidemiology of Cancer in China. Retrieved from [link]. Published on 2017-10-31.
9. Bray, F., Ferlay, J., Soerjomataram, I., et al. (2018). Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. doi:10.3322/caac.21492. Epub 2018 Sep.
10. Siegel, R. L., Miller, K. D., & Jemal, A. (2019). Cancer Statistics 2019. Retrieved from [link]. Published on 2019-01-09.
11. Cheng, Y., Xi, S. Y., Wang, Y. H., Shi, M. M., Luo, G. J., & Zhao, X. Y. (2015). Revisiting Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment and Herbal Medications for Cancer Pain. Chinese Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine (formerly Chinese Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 30(11), 3960-3964.
12. Cheng, H. B. (2008). Discussion on Traditional Chinese Medicine Theory for Cancer Pain. Chinese Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine (formerly Chinese Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 2008(23), 50-52.
13. Sun, Y. (2012). Clinical Research on the External Treatment of Cancer Pain with Traditional Chinese Medicine. Beijing: Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 20-21.
14. Zhang, Q. Y., Zhang, J. X., et al. (2011). Analysis of the Treatment of Cancer Pain. Shandong Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 30(11), 766-768.
15. Zhu, G. S., & Liu, W. J. (2016). A Brief Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Theory on Cancer Pain. Chinese Journal of Clinical Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, 8(19), 62-63.
16. Fan, T. B., & Gao, J. F. (2010). Pathogenesis of Painful Conditions. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs Newspaper, 2010-14-16(004).
17. Chen, W. J. (2002). Professor Liu Weisheng's Experience in Treating Cancer Pain. New Traditional Chinese Medicine, 34(2), 12.
18. Zhao, G. H. (1992). Mechanism of Pain Relief by Activating Blood Circulation and Removing Blood Stasis. Practical Journal of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, 1992, 10, 61.
19. Du, Y. Q., Wang, Q. Q., & Wufuer, A. E. (2012). Analysis of Medication Rules for Treating Cancer Pain with Traditional Chinese Medicine. Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 39(7), 1330-1332.
20. Liu, Z. K. (1999). Current Situation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment of Advanced Cancer Pain. Henan Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 19(1), 64.
21. Liu, D. (2013). Clinical Research on Comprehensive Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment Plan for Cancer Pain. Beijing: Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 20-21.
22. Lin, D. Y. (2014). Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Acupuncture at Siguandao Points for the Treatment of Cancer Pain. Guangzhou: Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine.
23. Zhou, Z. X. (1998). Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer Pain. Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16(8), 8.
24. Sun, Y., & Yu, G. Q. (1995). Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Combined Treatment of Tumors. Beijing Medical University Joint Publishing House, 35, 59-60.
25. Zheng, W., & Yang, J. K. (2016). On the Theory of Warming Yang and Eliminating Phlegm in Anti-tumor Treatment. Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 18(5), 111-113.
26. He, X. H., Zhu, J. Y., & Wu, Z. P. (2004). Computer Analysis of the Treatment of Accumulation Syndromes in Traditional Chinese Medicine in Historical Literature. Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 38(11), 62-64.
27. Zhang, B., Luo, M. M., & Yang, Y. Q. (2016). Traditional Chinese Medicine's View on Regulating Tumor Body Constitution through "Warming, Harmonizing, and Warming" Approach. Asia-Pacific Traditional Medicine, 12(13), 84-85.
28. Li, D. M., & Huang, M. G. (2000). Mechanism of Cancer Pain. Hubei Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 22(12), 7-9.
29. Wang, W. P., Jiang, L. D., & Liu, M. (2002). Study on the Hypothesis of "Phlegm Accumulation and Stagnation" in the Pathogenesis of Tumor Metastasis. Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 29(3), 137-138.
30. Liu, D., & Li, Z. (2013). Clinical Thinking on Comprehensive Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment of Cancer Pain. Chinese Journal of Traditional Medicine, 28(5), 635-637.
31. Cheng, H. B. (2014). Discussion on the Pathogenesis of Cancer Pain. Chinese Medicine Journal, 55(20), 1711-1714. DOI:10.132 88/j.11-2166/r.2014.20.001.
32. Nan, X. J., & Wang, C. S. (2012). Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment Principles for Cancer from the Perspective of Phlegm and Stasis Dispersion. Chinese Journal of Clinical Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4(11), 37-39.
33. Wu, R. M. (1991). Discussion on the Superoxide Dismutase-Like Activity of Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulas. Foreign Medical Sciences, Chinese Medicine and Chinese Medicine, 4, 24.
34. Chen, W. S. (1993). Detection of Superoxide Dismutase in Malignant Tumors. Guangdong Medicine, 1, 10.
35. Yang, Q. Y. (2007). Macro and Micro Syndrome Differentiation in Cancer Treatment. Asia-Pacific Traditional Medicine, 4, 33-34.
36. Yang, S. M. (1992). Treatment of Late-Stage Cancer Pain with Tao Hua Tang Plus Modification. Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine, 13(8), 366.
37. Zhao, X. M. (1992). Treatment of 50 Cases of Cancer Pain with Xiao Cancetong Huifu Prescription. Shandong Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 11(5), 20-21.
38. Liang, Q. J., Liu, D., & Xiong, M. N. (2016). Experience of Xiong Mounian in Tonifying Qi and Clearing Toxins in the Treatment of Malignant Tumors and Cancer Pain. Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 43(3), 472-473.
39. Li, T. T., Song, A. L., & Qi, Y. F. (2013). Discussion on the Treatment of Cancer Pain with Tonifying the Spleen and Soothing the Liver Method. Yunnan Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 34(4), 12-13.
40. Jin, W. (2016). Summary of Professor Gu Nailong's Academic Thoughts and Clinical Experience and Observation of the Efficacy of Xiaojie Zhentong Gao Tied for Treating Cancer Pain. Beijing: Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 41-42.
41. Zhang, Y. H., Ye, L. H., Peng, H. Y., et al. (2015). Discussion on the Basic Principles of "Supporting the Righteous and Attacking the Evil" in Cancer Treatment. Chinese Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine (formerly Chinese Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 30(12), 4230-4232.
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Authors who publish this series agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this series.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this series.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See Open Access Instruction).