Theoretical and Natural Science

- The Open Access Proceedings Series for Conferences


Theoretical and Natural Science

Vol. 22, 20 December 2023


Open Access | Article

The effects of functional cereal rich in beta-glucan on cardiovascular health

Weishi Hou * 1
1 University of Melbourne

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Theoretical and Natural Science, Vol. 22, 38-47
Published 20 December 2023. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by EWA Publishing
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Citation Weishi Hou. The effects of functional cereal rich in beta-glucan on cardiovascular health. TNS (2023) Vol. 22: 38-47. DOI: 10.54254/2753-8818/22/20230931.

Abstract

The prevalence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases remains a global health concern. Lifestyle modifications, including dietary modifications, have been identified as viable risk reduction strategies. This study seeks to evaluate the potential benefits of beta-glucan-rich functional cereals, such as Uncle Toby’s Oats, in reducing the risk of these diseases. Beta-glucan is a soluble fiber known for its cholesterol-lowering properties, and beta-glucan-rich functional cereals provide a convenient way to incorporate this healthful nutrient into daily diets. This study compares the nutritional profile of Uncle Toby’s Oats, a representative beta-glucan-rich functional cereal, to that of other common breakfast options, such as Rice Bubbles cereal and Vegemite on toast, based on calorie content, macronutrient distribution, and the presence of essential vitamins and minerals. It is anticipated that the results of this study will contribute to public health recommendations for dietary interventions intended to reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.

Keywords

functional cereals, beta-glucan, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, dietary intervention oatmeal

References

1. World Health Organization. (2021). Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs). https://www.who.int/ news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds)

2. Alarcón, M., Bustos, M., Mendez, D., Fuentes, E., Palomo, I., & Lutz, M. (2020). In Vitro Assay of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and Lupin (Lupinus spp.) Extracts on Human Platelet Aggregation. Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands), 75(2), 215–222. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-019-00786-y

3. Briggs, M. A., Petersen, K. S., & Kris-Etherton, P. M. (2017). Saturated Fatty Acids andCardiovascular Disease: Replacements for Saturated Fat to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 5(2), 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare5020029

4. Coles a. Coles Rice Puffs 475g. (2022). Coles.com.au. https://shop.coles.com.au/a/richmond-south/product/rice-puffs

5. Willeit, P., Yeang, C., Moriarty, P. M., Tschiderer, L., Varvel, S. A., McConnell, J. P., & Tsimikas, S. (2020). Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Corrected for Lipoprotein(a) Cholesterol, Risk Thresholds, and Cardiovascular Events. Journal of the American Heart Association, 9(23), e016318. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.119.016318

6. Coles b. Coles I'M Free From Special Flakes 375g. (2022). Coles.com.au. https://shop.coles.com.au/a/richmond-south/product/special-flakes

7. Earnshaw, S. R., McDade, C. L., Chu, Y., Fleige, L. E., & Sievenpiper, J. L. (2017). Cost-effectiveness of Maintaining Daily Intake of Oat β-Glucan for Coronary Heart Disease Primary Prevention. Clinical therapeutics, 39(4), 804–818.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.clinthera.2017.02.012

8. Erkkilä, A. T., & Lichtenstein, A. H. (2006). Fiber and cardiovascular disease risk: how strong is the evidence?. The Journal of cardiovascular nursing, 21(1), 3–8. https://doi.org/ 10.1097/00005082-200601000-00003

9. Francula-Zaninovic, S., & Nola, I. A. (2018). Management of Measurable Variable CardiovascularDisease' Risk Factors. Current cardiology reviews, 14(3), 153–163. https://doi.org/10.2174/1573403X14666180222102312

10. Paudel, D., Dhungana, B., Caffe, M., & Krishnan, P. (2021). A Review of Health-Beneficial Properties of Oats. Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 10(11), 2591. https://doi.org/10.3390/ foods10112591

11. Stewart, J., Manmathan, G., & Wilkinson, P. (2017). Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: A review of contemporary guidance and literature. JRSM cardiovascular disease, 6, 2048004016687211. https://doi.org/10.1177/2048004016687211

12. Gidding, S. S., & Allen, N. B. (2019). Cholesterol and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: ALifelong Problem. Journal of the American Heart Association, 8(11), e012924. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.119.012924

13. Uncle Tobys. (2022). Traditional Oats. https://www.uncletobys.com.au/products/oats/traditional-oats/traditional-oats

14. Gomez-Delgado, F., Katsiki, N., Lopez-Miranda, J., & Perez-Martinez, P. (2021). Dietary habits,lipoprotein metabolism and cardiovascular disease: from individual foods to dietary patterns. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 61(10), 1651–1669. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2020.1764487

15. Hooper, L., Martin, N., Jimoh, O. F., Kirk, C., Foster, E., & Abdelhamid, A. S. (2020). Reduction in saturated fat intake for cardiovascular disease. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 5(5), CD011737. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD011737.pub2

16. Joyce, S. A., Kamil, A., Fleige, L., & Gahan, C. (2019). The Cholesterol-Lowering Effect of Oats and Oat Beta Glucan: Modes of Action and Potential Role of Bile Acids and the Microbiome. Frontiers in nutrition, 6, 171. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2019.00171

17. Mente, A., O'Donnell, M., & Yusuf, S. (2021). Sodium Intake and Health: What Should WeRecommend Based on the Current Evidence?. Nutrients, 13(9), 3232. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13093232

18. Woolworths a. Uncle Tobys Oats Traditional Rolled Oats Porridge 500g. (2022). Woolworths.com.au.https://www.woolworths.com.au/shop/productdetails/37678/uncle-tobys-oats-traditional-rolled-oats-porridge

19. Woolworths b. Kellogg's Rice Bubbles Puffed Rice Breakfast Cereal 250g. (2022). Woolworths.com.au. https://www.woolworths.com.au/shop/productdetails/701719/kellogg-s-rice-bubbles-puffed-rice-breakfast-cereal

20. Woolworths c. Woolworths Free From Gluten Cereal Cornflakes 375g. (2022). Woolworths.com. au.https://www.woolworths.com.au/shop/productdetails/770052/woolworths-free-from-gluten-cereal-cornflakes

21. Woolworths d. Kellogg's Coco Pops Chocolatey Breakfast Cereal 650g. (2022). Woolworths. com.au.https://www.woolworths.com.au/shop/productdetails/701707/kellogg-s-coco-pops-chocolatey-breakfast-cereal

22. Woolworths e. Woolworths Crispy Rice Pops 350g. (2022). Woolworths.com.au. https://www.woolworths.com.au/shop/productdetails/677964/woolworths-crispy-rice-pops

23. Ho, H. V., Sievenpiper, J. L., Zurbau, A., Blanco Mejia, S., Jovanovski, E., Au-Yeung, F., Jenkins, A. L., & Vuksan, V. (2016). The effect of oat β-glucan on LDL-cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol and apoB for CVD risk reduction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised-controlled trials. The British journal of nutrition, 116(8), 1369–1382. https://doi.org/10.1017/S000711451600341X

24. Han, S., Zhang, R., Gao, H., Yang, J., Zhang, W., & Qin, L. (2019). Oat fibre inhibits atherosclerotic progression through improving lipid metabolism in ApoE−/− mice. Journal of Functional Foods, 56 (1), 14-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2019.02.046

25. Nakashima, A., Yamada, K., Iwata, O., Sugimoto, R., Atsuji, K., Ogawa, T., Ishibashi-Ohgo, N., & Suzuki, K. (2018). β-Glucan in Foods and Its Physiological Functions. Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology, 64(1), 8–17. https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.64.8

26. Ramzan, S. (2020). Oat: A Novel Therapeutic Ingredient for Food Applications. Journal ofMicrobiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences, 9(4), 756–760. https://doi.org/10.15414/ jmbfs.2020.9.4.756-760

27. Wirtz, A., Carter, C. G., Codabaccus, M. B., Fitzgibbon, Q. P., Townsend, A. T., & Smith, G. G.(2022). Protein sources influence both apparent digestibility and gastrointestinal evacuation rate in juvenile slipper lobster (Thenus australiensis). Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology, 265, 111121. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.cbpa.2021.111121

28. Yu, J., Xia, J., Yang, C., Pan, D., Xu, D., Sun, G., & Xia, H. (2022). Effects of Oat Beta-Glucan Intake on Lipid Profiles in Hypercholesterolemic Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients, 14(10), 2043. https://doi.org/10.3390/ nu14102043

29. Malipatlolla, D. K., Devarakonda, S., Patel, P., Sjöberg, F., Rascón, A., Grandér, R., Skokic, V., Kalm, M., Danial, J., Mehdin, E., Warholm, M., Norling, H., Stringer, A., Johansson, M., Nyman, M., Steineck, G., & Bull, C. (2021). A Fiber-Rich Diet and Radiation-Induced Injury in the Murine Intestinal Mucosa. International journal of molecular sciences, 23(1), 439. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23010439

Data Availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Authors who publish this series agree to the following terms:

1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this series.

2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this series.

3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See Open Access Instruction).

Volume Title
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Biological Engineering and Medical Science
ISBN (Print)
978-1-83558-217-6
ISBN (Online)
978-1-83558-218-3
Published Date
20 December 2023
Series
Theoretical and Natural Science
ISSN (Print)
2753-8818
ISSN (Online)
2753-8826
DOI
10.54254/2753-8818/22/20230931
Copyright
20 December 2023
Open Access
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

Copyright © 2023 EWA Publishing. Unless Otherwise Stated