Theoretical and Natural Science
- The Open Access Proceedings Series for Conferences
Theoretical and Natural Science
Vol. 27, 20 December 2023
Open
Access | Article
A discussion on the relationship between the five organs and proteinuria
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is the most common kidney disease in recent years. In the early and middle stages of diabetic nephropathy, proteinuria is the main symptom, and it is speculated that proteinuria is caused by kidney essence deficiency. Proteinuria is widely recognized as an important indicator in the occurrence and development of various kidney diseases, and long-term proteinuria can cause serious harm to the body. Exploring the relationship between the five organs and proteinuria can help explore the mechanism of early proteinuria formation, propose effective predictive indicators, and facilitate timely clinical interventions to delay the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy. The etiology and pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy are complex, and single treatment methods often fail to achieve ideal therapeutic effects. Traditional Chinese medicine emphasizes a holistic approach and individualized treatment, which can be beneficial in combination with modern Western medicine treatments. Research on the correlation between the five organs and proteinuria can further promote the integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in research and application, fully leveraging their advantages, and enhancing the efficacy of diabetic nephropathy treatment. The purpose of this article is to further strengthen the understanding of the relationship between the five organs and proteinuria, and provide theoretical basis and reference for the prevention and treatment of related conditions.
Keywords
Five organs; Proteinuria; Relationship; Academic discussion
References
1. Ye, R., Li, Y., & Liu, G. (2007). Clinical Nephrology. (2nd ed.). Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House.
2. Akchurin, O., & Reidy, K. J. (2015). Genetic causes of proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome: impact on podocyte pathobiology. Pediatric Nephrology, 30(2), 221-233.
3. Tojo, A., & Kinugasa, S. (2012). Mechanisms of glomerular albumin filtration and tubular reabsorption. International Journal of Nephrology, 2012, 481-520.
4. Du, Y., & Wu, Y. (2009). Research status of chronic kidney disease in children. Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics, 2, 157-160.
5. KDIGO. (2012). KDIGO 2012 clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease. Kidney International Supplements, 3(1), 1-150.
6. Lin, C. Y., Hsieh, C. C., Chen, W. P., et al. (2001). The underlying diseases and follow-up in Taiwanese children screened by urinalysis. Pediatric Nephrology, 16(3), 232-237.
7. Shi, Z. (1990). Traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment of proteinuria. Beijing Chinese Medicine Journal, 2, 34.
8. Jiang, Q. (2008). Clinical interpretation of proteinuria. Chinese Journal of General Practitioners, 7(5), 353-355.
9. Zhou, J. (2016). Research progress on the mechanism of proteinuria. Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics, 31(11), 808-812.
10. Li, P., Xie, Y., & Tong, A. (2020). Diagnosis and treatment of proteinuria in kidney disease from the perspective of traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, 21(5), 468-470.
11. Li, Y., Fan, Y., & Wu, H. (2021). New understanding of proteinuria in the progression of chronic kidney disease. Journal of Clinical and Pathological Research, 41(6), 1405-1410.
12. Wang, B., Wang, S., & Liang, L. (2021). Research progress on the relationship between renal solid scintigraphy function and proteinuria. Practical Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 35(3), 132-134.
13. García-Carro, C., Vergara, A., Bermejo, S., et al. (2021). How to Assess Diabetic Kidney Disease Progression? From Albuminuria to GFR. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(11), 2505.
14. Chen, M., Huang, W., Lu, M., et al. (2015). Clinical significance of microalbuminuria and cystatin C concentration in patients with chronic heart failure. Lingnan Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases, 21(4), 518-521.
15. Wang, Z., Wei, Y., Gong, J., Rong, Y., & Chang, Q. (2023). Analysis of risk factors and establishment of a predictive model for acute kidney injury after coronary artery bypass grafting. Journal of Clinical Advances in Medicine, 13(4), 5656-5665.
16. Kaysen, G. A., Jones, H., Martin, V., et al. (1989). A low-protein diet restricts albumin synthesis in nephrotic rats. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 89(5), 1623-1629.
17. Remuzzi, G., Benigni, A., & Remuzzi, A. (2006). Mechanisms of progression and regression of renal lesions of chronic nephropathies and diabetes. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 116, 288-296.
18. Peng, T., Hu, Z., Guo, L., et al. (2010). Comparison of the renal protective effects of benidipine and valsartan in patients with primary hypertension accompanied by proteinuria. Chinese Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases, 38(1), 20-22.
19. Zhang, Y. (2009). The effects of olmesartan on plasma inflammatory factors and renal function in patients with primary hypertension. China Pharmaceuticals, 18(19), 8-9.
20. Mongensen, C. E., Neldam, S., Tikkanen, I., et al. (2000). Randomised controlled trial of dual blockade of renin-angiotensin system in patients with hypertension, microalbuminuria, and non-insulin dependent diabetes: the candesartan and lisinopril microalbuminuria (CALM) study. BMJ, 321, 1440.
21. Yu, L., & Xu, H. (2003). Exploratory study on the treatment of proteinuria with traditional Chinese medicine. Heilongjiang Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 3, 3-4.
22. Lee, H. W., Osis, G., Handlogten, M. E., Guo, H., Verlander, J. W., & Weiner, I. D. (2015). Effect of dietary protein restriction on renal ammonia metabolism. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 308(12), F1463-F1473.
23. Lai, S., Molfino, A., Coppola, B., et al. (2015). Effect of personalized dietary intervention on nutritional, metabolic, and vascular indices in patients with chronic kidney disease. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 19(18), 3351-3359.
24. Long, Q. (2009). Effects of low-protein and α-ketone acid diet on nutrient metabolism and residual kidney tissue sclerosis in 5/6 nephrectomized rats. Shanghai Medicine, 03(32).
25. Griffin, K. A., Picken, M., Giobbie-Hurder, A., et al. (2003). Low protein diet-mediated renoprotection in remnant kidneys: Renal autoregulatory versus hypertrophic mechanisms. Kidney International, 63(2).
26. Antonios, T. F., & MacGregor, G. A. (1995). Salt intake: potential deleterious effects excluding blood pressure. Journal of Human Hypertension, 9(6), 511-515.
27. Cao, Z., & Cooper, M. E. (2001). Role of angiotensin II in tubulointerstitial injury. Seminars in Nephrology, 21(6), 554-562.
28. Esnault, V. L., Ekhlas, A., Nguyer, J. M., & Moranne, O. (2010). Diuretic up-titration with half dose combined ACEI/ARB better decreases proteinuria than combined ACEI/ARB up-titration. Nephrology Dialysis Tcransplantation, 25, 2218-2224.
Data Availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Authors who publish this series agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this series.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this series.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See Open Access Instruction).
- Volume Title
- Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Modern Medicine and Global Health
- ISBN (Print)
- 978-1-83558-237-4
- ISBN (Online)
- 978-1-83558-238-1
- Published Date
- 20 December 2023
- Series
- Theoretical and Natural Science
- ISSN (Print)
- 2753-8818
- ISSN (Online)
- 2753-8826
- DOI
- 10.54254/2753-8818/27/20240585
- Copyright
- 20 December 2023
- Open Access
- This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited